Last night reports of 3 confirmed deaths due to ammonia leak at an ice skating rink. Our prayers and thoughts go the families of these lost ones. Ammonia is a refrigerant not to be taken lightly and requires significant education and experience to know how to design, manage and operate these industrial and commercial refrigeration systems. Ammonia is the best thermodynamic refrigerant but comes with risk such as toxicity and flammability. Approximately 5,000 PPM (1/2 %) can take a human life without any respiratory protection.